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Gingival retraction techniques: a review
From Volume 45, Issue 4, April 2018 | Pages 284-297
Article
The aesthetics and longevity of restorations is significantly dependent on gingival and periodontal factors. The intimate interaction between the restorations and the surrounding soft tissues means that all procedures performed should keep the health of the gingiva and periodontium under consideration. Restorations placed in close proximity to the soft tissues sometimes require consideration of subgingival margins,1 otherwise the subsequent restorations may have a high chance of failure.2,3 Also, in directly placed adhesive restorations, isolation for subgingival placement requires control of crevicular fluid. Without this important step in the restorative procedure, optimum qualities of the adhesive restorative material cannot be assured.4 In order to record subgingivally placed margins, the adjacent soft tissue needs to be retracted and displaced adequately for the impression material to penetrate and capture, not only the features of preparation and finish line, but also some unprepared tooth structure apically.5 The sulcular width should be at least 0.2 mm so that the impression material does not tear or distort when removed from the sulcus.6 Moisture control during composite placement also requires isolation in such a way that the properties of composite are not compromised.7
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