Dentists use the euphemistic term ‘tooth preparation’ when providing a crown or onlay in their preferred ‘restorative’ material. However, in reality, most ‘preparations’ involve reducing the residual...

A 29-year-old male patient from Kandy, Sri Lanka presented to our clinic requesting treatment for what he felt was an unpleasant smile, and replacement of missing teeth. He was an undergraduate...

It is important to remember that dentistry is ‘the art or profession of a dentist’1 and that much of clinical dentistry is subjective rather than objective. Indeed, Fish and Coles2 consider clinical...

This process begins with the presenting condition of the patient. We can hear patients when we are told a history of the complaint, but if we listen carefully and ask appropriate questions, they will...

Four implant placement protocols have been introduced by the International Team of Implantology (ITI) outlining the timing of implant placement and loading protocols. ITI classifications are detailed...

Following on from its diagnosis, the aim of treatment will clearly be the management of the presenting complaint, examples of which are shown in Table 1..

Revitalization was first studied by Nygaard-Ostby6 and Nygaard-Ostby and Hjortdal,7 who induced bleeding from the peri-apical tissues into the canal space of teeth. Iwaya et al8 further developed the...

Two cases are presented. Case 1 shows the management of a carious tooth following the European Society of Endodontology guidelines6 with selective caries removal. Case 2 follows the American...

ICON (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) is the only material available for resin infiltration. The system consists of: ICON Etch (15% hydrochloric acid), ICON Dry (99% ethanol) and ICON Infiltrant...