RCCTs have been described by Brocklehurst and Hoare,9 as ‘the only research design that can demonstrate causality, that is, that an intervention causes a direct change in clinical outcome’. When...

The work that led to the term ‘biological width’ was based on the research of Gargiulo et al in 1961. This study researched the dimensions and relationship of the dentogingival complex on human...

Recent social media influence has set up a world of aesthetic idealism, whereby rises in demand for non-surgical cosmetic treatment to cater for the unrealistic desire of ‘perfection’ has meant that...

It is now well understood that periodontal health is a balance between the microbial biofilm (Figure 1) and the host response, and bacterial dysbiosis, or a change in this balance, may lead to both...