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References

Weerheijm KL, Jälevik B, Alaluusua S. Molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Caries Res. 2001; 35:390-391 https://doi.org/10.1159/000047479
da Silva Figueiredo Sé MJ, Ribeiro APD, Dos Santos-Pinto LAM Are hypomineralized primary molars and canines associated with molar-incisor hypomineralization?. Pediatr Dent. 2017; 39:445-449
Schmalfuss A, Stenhagen KR, Tveit AB Canines are affected in 16-year-olds with molar–incisor hypomineralisation (MIH): an epidemiological study based on the Tromsø study: ‘Fit Futures’. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2016; 17:107-113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-015-0216-6
Kotsanos N, Kaklamanos E, Arapostathis K. Treatment management of first permanent molars in children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2005; 64:179-184
Albadri S, Zaitoun H, McDonnell ST, Davidson LE. Extraction of first permanent molar teeth: results from three dental hospitals. Br Dent J. 2007; 203:408-409 https://doi.org/10.1038/bdj.2007.679
Marshman Z, Rodd HD. The psychosocial impacts of developmental enamel defects in children and young people.Berlin: Springer; 2015
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Bruce N.Chichester: Research Studies Press Limited; 1980
Alaluusua S. Aetiology of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization: A systematic review. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010; 11:53-58 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03262713
Manton DJ, Crombie FA, Silva MJ. The pathogenesis and aetiology of MIH: more questions than answers.Cham: Springer; 2020
Teixeira R, Andrade NS, Queiroz LCC Exploring the association between genetic and environmental factors and molar incisor hypomineralization: evidence from a twin study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018; 28:198-206 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12327
Hu JC, Simmer JP. Developmental biology and genetics of dental malformations. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2007; 10:45-52 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2007.00384.x
Lygidakis NA, Dimou G, Marinou D. Molar-incisor-hypomineralization (MIH). A retrospective clinical study in Greek children. II. Possible medical aetiological factors. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2008; 9:207-217 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03262637
Weerheijm KL. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH): clinical presentation, aetiology and management. Dent Update. 2004; 31:9-12 https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2004.31.1.9
Silva MJ, Kilpatrick N, Crombie F What's new in molar incisor hypomineralization?. Dent Update. 2017; 44:100-106
Mathu-Muju K, Wright JT. Diagnosis and treatment of molar incisor hypomineralization. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2006; 27:604-610
Ghanim A, Silva MJ, Elfrink MEC Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) training manual for clinical field surveys and practice. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017; 18:225-242 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-017-0293-9
Denis M, Atlan A, Vennat E White defects on enamel: diagnosis and anatomopathology: two essential factors for proper treatment (part 1). Int Orthod. 2013; 11:139-165 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2013.02.014
Jälevik B, Klingberg G. Treatment outcomes and dental anxiety in 18-year-olds with MIH, comparisons with healthy controls – a longitudinal study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012; 22:85-91 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01161.x
Department of Health. Delivering better oral health: an evidence-based toolkit for prevention. 2014. http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-better-oral-health-an-evidence-based-toolkit-for-prevention (accessed October 2022)
West N, Seong J, Davies M. Management of dentine hypersensitivity: efficacy of professionally and self-administered agents. J Clin Periodontol. 2015; 42:S256-S302 https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12336
Contractor IA, Girish M, Indira M. Silver diamine fluoride: extending the spectrum of preventive dentistry, a literature review. Pediatr Dent J. 2021; 31:17-24
Seifo N, Robertson M, MacLean J The use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in dental practice. Br Dent J. 2020; 228:75-81 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1203-9
Lygidakis NA, Dimou G, Stamataki E. Retention of fissure sealants using two different methods of application in teeth with hypomineralised molars (MIH): a 4 year clinical study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2009; 10:223-226 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03262686
Mahoney EK, Rohanizadeh R, Ismail FS Mechanical properties and microstructure of hypomineralised enamel of permanent teeth. Biomaterials. 2004; 25:5091-5100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.044
William V, Burrow MF, Palamara JE, Messer LB. Microshear bond strength of resin composite teeth affected by molar hypomineralization using 2 adhesive systems. Pediatr Dent. 2006; 28:233-241
Chay PL, Manton DJ, Palamara JE. The effect of resin infiltration and oxidative pre-treatmenton microshear bond strength of resin composite to hypomineralised enamel. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2014; 24:252-267 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12069
Jälevik B, Klingberg GA. Dental treatment, dental fear and behaviour management problems in children with severe enamel hypomineralization of their permanent first molars. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002; 12:24-32
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Hasmun N, Lawson J, Vettore MV Change in oral health-related quality of life following minimally invasive aesthetic treatment for children with molar incisor hypomineralisation: a prospective study. Dentistry J. 2018; 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/dj6040061
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Folayan MO.: Cambridge Scholars Publishing; 2019

Molar–incisor hypomineralization: paediatric and orthodontic considerations

From Volume 49, Issue 11, December 2022 | Pages 912-918

Authors

Laura Ewbank

BChD, MSc (Orth), MFDS RCS (Ed), MOrth RCS (Eng)

Post CCST in Orthodontics, University of Manchester Dental Hospital and Royal Blackburn Hospital

Articles by Laura Ewbank

Email Laura Ewbank

Carly Dixon

BDS, MFDS RCPS (Glas), MRes (DPH), PG Cert HE, FHEA

Clinical Lecturer and Honorary Specialty Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, University of Manchester

Articles by Carly Dixon

Hesham Ali

BDS, MDPH, MSc (Orthodontics), MFDS RCSEd, MOrth RCSEng, FDS(Orth), RCSEd

Senior Registrar in Orthodontics, University Dental Hospital of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust

Articles by Hesham Ali

Email Hesham Ali

Siobhan Barry

BDS NUI, MFDS, DClin Dent (Paed Dent), MPaed Dent, FDS (Paed Dent), SFHEA

Consultant in Paediatric Dentistry, University of Manchester Dental Hospital, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M15 6HF

Articles by Siobhan Barry

Ovais H Malik

BDS, MSc (Orth), MFDS RCS (Ed), MOrth RCS (Eng), MOrth RCS (Ed), FDS (Orth), RCS (Eng)

Consultant in Orthodontics, University of Manchester Dental Hospital, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M15 6FH, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Manchester and Northenden House Orthodontics, Sale Road, Manchester, M23 0DF

Articles by Ovais H Malik

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the paediatric and orthodontic considerations when treating patients with molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Effective management of MIH often requires input and care provision from both paediatric and orthodontic specialties, resulting in collaborative care between these two specialties with a combined treatment plan and regular communication in order to provide the gold standard of care.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The GDP should be aware of the clinical features of MIH and when to refer to secondary care.

Article

Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) can be defined as ‘demarcated, qualitative developmental defects of systemic origin of the enamel of one or more first permanent molars with or without the involvement of incisors’.1 On occasion, it has also been found to affect second primary molars and primary canines as well as permanent canine cusp tips.2,3

MIH places a high treatment burden on the patient. Evidence shows that children with hypomineralized molars are approximately 10 times more likely to have undergone restorative treatment than the children in control groups.4 Research has also shown that MIH is the second most common reason for extracting first permanent molars (FPM) in children.5 As well as these clinical implications, it is also well known that MIH can have a psychosocial impact on children.6

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