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Metastatic Oral Cancer and the Importance of a thorough Neck Examination Prateek Biyani Jimmy Xu Mohammed Anabtawi Robert Orr Dental Update 2024 51:8, 707-709.
Authors
PrateekBiyani
BDS (Hons), MFDS RCPS(Glasg), Cert Med Ed, FHEA,
Specialty Doctor in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chesterfield Royal Hospital, Chesterfield
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) account for over 90% of oral cancers. Over the last few decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of cases. Metastasis of oral cancer to the thyroid is extremely rare. Rarer still are tumours metastasizing from the tongue to the thyroid. We present a case of a patient who presented to her dentist with a tongue SCC. Despite radical curative treatment, the tumour metastasized to the thyroid and the patient succumbed to the metastatic disease. We, additionally, highlight the importance of thorough lymph node and neck examination in the dental setting to help identify pathology in patients.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: The importance of a thorough lymph node and neck examination at routine dental check-ups is highlighted.
Article
In the UK, between 2016 and 2018, there were over 12,400 new cases of head and neck cancer, with 37% rise in incidence since the 1990s.1 Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) account for over 90% of oral cancer cases.2 SCCs of the thyroid gland are extremely rare and may either be primary or secondary tumours, which are through either extension or metastasis of the primary tumour. Metastasis of oral SCC to the thyroid gland is exceedingly rare, with approximately 10 reported cases.3 Furthermore, there are only three reported cases of SCCs originating from the tongue metastasizing to the thyroid.3 The case presented highlights the risks of oral cancer with delayed metastasis. It also highlights the potential for a variety of pathology, including cancer, to present in the neck and the importance of dentists conducting effective lymph node and neck examinations to screen these patients.
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