Abstract
This series of three papers reviews the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and outlines the management of sore and/or swollen lips.
References
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Sore or swollen lips part 1: causes and diagnosis
From Volume 43, Issue 9, November 2016 | Pages 874-882
Article
The lips are important. They are frequently exposed to potentially harmful factors such as adverse weather conditions, hot, cold or other physical agents, caustic foods/drinks, allergens and micro-organisms.
Lesions on the lips can be disfiguring and of serious aesthetic concern to patients, and may herald usually local or sometimes systemic diseases. Some lesions are isolated, and some may be seen in association with other lesions in the oral mucosa, or in the skin, other mucosae (genitals, ocular), or elsewhere. Some are swollen or sore and some are both.
Lip inflammation (cheilitis) can be acute or chronic and appears within a few hours after lip exposure to various harmful agents and lasts from days to a few months or even years. Some cheilitis have a predilection for certain areas, such as the lip commissures (angular), the lower lip (chronic actinic; atopic; follicular and glandular), or the upper lip (granulomatous – initial stage), while others can occur anywhere (trauma, burns, herpes labialis, simplex, exfoliative, irritant and allergic contact, plasma cell and granulomatous – late stage) (Table 1). Lip diseases have been reviewed elsewhere,1,2 but additional information regarding their clinical forms, pathogenesis and treatment has accumulated over the last 15 years.
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