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Patients who suffer dento-alveolar trauma present a unique challenge for the dentist. There are numerous options to consider when attempting to restore the dentition. This article reviews the role of dental implants in replacing lost or damaged teeth. It also describes some of the options available to maintain the alveolar bone between tooth removal and implant placement, as well as techniques used to recreate the deficient hard and soft tissue after a tooth has been avulsed or extracted.
Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of the role of dental implants and techniques for the preservation of the hard and soft tissues will assist the clinician to reduce patient morbidity and achieve an optimal restorative result.
Article
Traumatic dental injuries occur frequently in both children and adults. A 12-year review of the literature1 indicates that 25% of school children have experienced at least one episode of dental trauma. This figure rises to 33% for permanent teeth in adults, with most injuries occurring before the age of nineteen.
In most cases, maintaining the natural dentition is the ideal option and so every attempt should be made to preserve the tooth or teeth after an accident. Following the most up-to-date dental trauma protocols,2,3 including re-implantation, splinting and use of antibiotics, will provide the best opportunity for achieving this.
The authors would also recommend an excellent online resource The Dental Trauma Guide (www.dentaltraumaguide.org) which is an interactive tool and suggests an evidence-based treatment for every traumatic dental injury (Figure 1).
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