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Endodontic Update: 50 years of progress Stephen J Bonsor William P Saunders Dental Update 2024 50:5, 707-709.
Authors
Stephen JBonsor
BDS(Hons) MSc FHEA FDS RCPS(Glasg) FDFTEd FCGDent GDP
The Dental Practice, 21 Rubislaw Terrace, Aberdeen; Hon Senior Clinical Lecturer, Institute of Dentistry, University of Aberdeen; Online Tutor/Clinical Lecturer, University of Edinburgh, UK.
The science of endodontology and the practice of endodontics have changed immeasurably in the last 50 years. Improved understanding of the aetiology of peri-radicular diseases, in particular the central role of micro-organisms, has driven a more biological approach to treatment. Advances in technology have brought to market sophisticated armamentaria that have facilitated and enhanced clinical delivery. The development of biomaterials and the refinement of clinical techniques have contributed to improved outcomes for both non-surgical and surgical endodontic treatments. The present article summarizes the changes in this field in the past 50 years, and updates the reader on contemporary clinical endodontic practice.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: An awareness of historical developments in the field of endodontics provides useful context and an increased understanding of current practices
Article
The practice of endodontics has changed markedly in the past 50 years. This may be attributed to a better understanding of the aetiology of endodontic pathology, in particular the realization of the central role of micro-organisms in the disease process. This has led to a more biological approach to treatment, facilitated by new technologies comprising hi-tech equipment, the development of dental materials and biomaterials and the refinement of clinical techniques. The present article aims to chart the advancements in the field of endodontics over the past 50 years and illustrate how these improvements have simplified clinical technique, contributing to enhanced treatment outcomes.
A little over 50 years ago, in 1965, the first study that showed that the presence of micro-organisms was required for peri-radicular pathology to develop in gnotobiotic animals was published.1 Subsequent work in the early 1980s demonstrated that infected teeth in a monkey model developed peri-apical lesions whereas non-infected teeth did not2 and the significant role of anaerobes was understood.3 It has now been established that a primary endodontic infection is polymicrobial with aerobes, facultative anaerobes and strict anaerobes present, with the anaerobic species predominating with little microbial specificity. The composition in terms of number of species and species type varies as to the site in the root canal system and whether the case is a primary or secondary treatment.4,5,6
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