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References

Dental Trauma Guide. (Accessed 19 July 2016)
Dental Trauma UK. (Accessed 19 July 2016)
International Association for Dental Traumatology. (Accessed 19 July 2016)
Flores MT, Andersson L, Andreasen JO, Bakland LK, Malmgren B, Barnett F, Bourguignon C, DiAngelis A, Hicks L, Sigurdsson A, Trope M, Tsukiboshi M, von Arx T International Association of Dental Traumatology. Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. I. Fractures and luxations of permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2007; 23:66-71
Hermann NV, Lauridsen E, Ahrensburg SS, Gerds TA, Andreasen JO Periodontal healing complications following concussion and subluxation injuries in the permanent dentition: a longitudinal cohort study. Dent Traumatol. 2012; 28:386-393
Hermann NV, Lauridsen E, Ahrensburg SS, Gerds TA, Andreasen JO Periodontal healing complications following extrusive and lateral luxation in the permanent dentition: a longitudinal cohort study. Dent Traumatol. 2012; 28:394-402
Andreasen JO, Bakland LK, Andreasen FM Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 2. A clinical study of the effect of preinjury and injury factors, such as sex, age, stage of root development, tooth location, and extent of injury including number of intruded teeth on 140 intruded permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2006; 22:90-98
Flores MT, Andersson L, Andreasen JO, Bakland LK, Malmgren B, Barnett F, Bourguignon C, DiAngelis A, Hicks L, Sigurdsson A, Trope M, Tsukiboshi M, von Arx T International Association of Dental Traumatology. Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. II. Avulsion of permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2007; 23:130-136
Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 1. Diagnosis of healing complications. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995; 11:51-58
Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 2. Factors related to pulpal healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995; 11:59-68
Andreasen FM Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 3. Factors related to root growth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995; 11:69-75
Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995; 11:76-89
Kenny DJ, Casas MJ Medicolegal aspects of replanting permanent teeth. J Can Dent Assoc. 2005; 71:245-248
Malmgren B, Tsilingaridis G, Malmgren O Long-term follow up of 103 ankylosed permanent incisors surgically treated with decoronation – a retrospective cohort study. Dent Traumatol. 2015; 31:184-189

Dental trauma part 1: acute management of luxation/displacement injuries

From Volume 43, Issue 9, November 2016 | Pages 812-824

Authors

Serpil Djemal

BDS, MSc, MRD, RCS, FDS (Rest dent), RCS Dip Ed

Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK

Articles by Serpil Djemal

Parmjit Singh

Specialist Registrar, The Ipswich Hospital and The Royal London Hospital

Articles by Parmjit Singh

Rachel Tomson

Consultant in Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, King's College Hospital Dental Institute, London SE5 9RW, UK

Articles by Rachel Tomson

Martin Kelleher

MSc, FDSRCS, FDSRCPS, FCGDent

Specialist in Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, King's College Dental Hospital

Articles by Martin Kelleher

Email Martin Kelleher

Abstract

Fortunately, traumatic dental injuries are a relatively uncommon occurrence in general dental practice. However, when they do present, timely diagnosis and treatment of such injuries is essential to maximize the chance of a successful outcome. This is the first part of a two-part series on traumatic dental injuries that are commonly encountered in the clinical setting. Part one will cover acute management of luxation/displacement injuries that primarily affect the supporting structures of the tooth, while part two will cover the management of fracture injuries associated with teeth and the alveolar bone.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: A simple, step-by-step approach in the diagnosis and clinical management of acute luxation/displacement injuries should be part of a dental clinician's knowledge.

Article

This is part one of a two-part series on traumatic dental injuries. This paper will cover acute management of luxation/displacement injuries that primarily affect the supporting structures of the tooth and include concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation, lateral luxation, intrusive luxation and avulsion.

It must be remembered that traumatic dental injuries do not always occur in isolation and it is quite common to have more than one injury type. A patient could attend with avulsion on one tooth and concussion on another, while another patient could present with a lateral luxation injury together with a dento-alveolar fracture associated with the same tooth.

The aim in managing an acute traumatic dental injury is to restore the appearance and function and to rehabilitate the patient as quickly as possible in the quest to save teeth.1 The long-term aims are to preserve bone and soft tissues around the traumatized teeth to improve the chances of long-term rehabilitation when required. In addition, acting quickly can minimize or prevent unwanted long-term effects of the traumatic incident.2

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