Switch to Dark theme

References

Mathu-Muju KR, Kennedy DB. Loss of permanent first molars in the mixed dentition: circumstances resulting in extraction and requiring orthodontic management. Pediatr Dent. 2016; 38:46-53
Bernabé E, Marcenes W. Can minimal intervention dentistry help in tackling the global burden of untreated dental caries?. Br Dent J. 2020; 229:487-491 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-2155-9
Demirci M, Tuncer S, Yuceokur AA. Prevalence of caries on individual tooth surfaces and its distribution by age and gender in university clinic patients. Eur J Dent. 2010; 4:270-279
Zhao D, Dong B, Yu D The prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization: evidence from 70 studies. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018; 28:170-179 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12323
Taylor GD, Pearce KF, Vernazza CR. Management of compromised first permanent molars in children: cross-sectional analysis of attitudes of UK general dental practitioners and specialists in paediatric dentistry. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2019; 29:267-280 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12469
Chan SW, Tulloch E, Cooper ES Montgomery and informed consent: where are we now?. BMJ. 2017; 357 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j2224
Dastouri M, Kowash M, Al-Halabi M United Arab Emirates dentists' perceptions about the management of broken down first permanent molars and their enforced extraction in children: a questionnaire survey. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21:31-41 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-019-00434-8
Kopperud SE, Pedersen CG, Espelid I. Treatment decisions on molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) by Norwegian dentists – a questionnaire study. BMC Oral Health. 2016; 17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-016-0237-5
Sayagh M, Maniere-Ezvan A, Vernet C, Muller-Bolla M. Therapeutic decisions in the presence of decayed permanent first molars in young subjects: a descriptive inquiry. Int Orthod. 2012; 10:318-336 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2012.06.001
Schwendicke F, Krois J, Splieth CH Cost-effectiveness of managing cavitated primary molar caries lesions: A randomized trial in Germany. J Dent. 2018; 78:40-45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2018.05.022
Lee J, Johnson J, Bister D, Chaudhary M, Khoshkhounejad G. Adherence to RCS recommendations for extraction of first permanent molars in a teaching hospital: To compensate or not to compensate?. J Orthod. 2021; 48:305-312 https://doi.org/10.1177/1465312521991831
Alkhalaf R, Neves A, de A, Banerjee A, Hosey MT. Minimally invasive judgement calls: managing compromised first permanent molars in children. Br Dent J. 2020; 229:459-465 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-2154-x
Cobourne MT, Williams A, Harrison M. National clinical guidelines for the extraction of first permanent molars in children. Br Dent J. 2014; 217:643-648 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.1053
Teo TK-Y, Ashley PF, Derrick D. Lower first permanent molars: developing better predictors of spontaneous space closure. Eur J Orthod. 2016; 38:90-95 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjv029
Eichenberger M, Erb J, Zwahlen M, Schätzle M. The timing of extraction of non-restorable first permanent molars: a systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2015; 16:272-278
Patel S, Ashley P, Noar J. Radiographic prognostic factors determining spontaneous space closure after loss of the permanent first molar. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2017; 151:718-726 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.09.018
Teo TKY, Ashley PF, Parekh S, Noar J. The evaluation of spontaneous space closure after the extraction of first permanent molars. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2013; 14:207-212 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-013-0042-7
Farias AL de, Rojas-Gualdrón DF, Bussaneli DG Does molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) affect only permanent first molars and incisors? New observations on permanent second molars. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022; 32:1-10 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12780
Wu M, Chen L, Bawole E, Anthonappa RP, King NM. Is there sufficient evidence to support an optimum time for the extraction of first permanent molars?. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017; 18:155-161 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-017-0283-y
Ashley P, Noar J. Interceptive extractions for first permanent molars: a clinical protocol. Br Dent J. 2019; 227:192-195 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-019-0561-7
Abela S, Bister D. Minimum intervention in orthodontics. Br Dent J. 2020; 229:467-471 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-2152-z
Innes N, Borrie F, Bearn D Should I eXtract Every Six dental trial (SIXES): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2013; 14 https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-59
Macpherson LMD, Pine CM, Tochel C Factors influencing referral of children for dental extractions under general and local anaesthesia. Community Dent Health. 2005; 22:282-288
Alohali AA, Al-Rubaian N, Tatsi C Post-operative pain and morbidity in children who have tooth extractions under general anaesthesia: a service evaluation. Br Dent J. 2019; 227:713-718 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-019-0807-4
Public Health England. Almost 9 out of 10 child hospital tooth extractions due to decay. 2019. http://www.gov.uk/government/news/almost-9-out-of-10-child-hospital-tooth-extractions-due-to-decay (accessed August 2022)
AlKhalaf R, Neves A, de A, Warburton F Managemet of compromised first permanent molars in a cohort of UK paediatric patients referred to hospital-based services. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022; 32:724-736
Jälevik B, Dietz W, Norén JG. Scanning electron micrograph analysis of hypomineralized enamel in permanent first molars. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2005; 15:233-240 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2005.00644.x
Farah R, Drummond B, Swain M, Williams S. Linking the clinical presentation of molar-incisor hypomineralisation to its mineral density. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2010; 20:353-360 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2010.01061.x
Krämer N, Bui Khac N-HN Bonding strategies for MIH-affected enamel and dentin. Dent Mater. 2018; 34:331-340 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2017.11.015
Fearne J, Anderson P, Davis GR. 3D X-ray microscopic study of the extent of variations in enamel density in first permanent molars with idiopathic enamel hypomineralisation. Br Dent J. 2004; 196:634-638 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4811282
Neves AB, Americano GCA, Soares DV, Soviero VM. Breakdown of demarcated opacities related to molar-incisor hypomineralization: a longitudinal study. Clin Oral Investig. 2019; 23:611-615 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2479-x
Pinkham J, Christensen JR, Mabry TRSt Louis, MO, USA: Mosby; 2005
Oliveira DC de, Favretto CO, Cunha RF. Molar incisor hypomineralization: considerations about treatment in a controlled longitudinal case. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2015; 33 https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.155133
Jälevik B, Klingberg GA. Dental treatment, dental fear and behaviour management problems in children with severe enamel hypomineralization of their permanent first molars. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002; 12:24-32
Kotsanos N, Kaklamanos EG, Arapostathis K. Treatment management of first permanent molars in children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2005; 6:179-184
Grossi J de A, Cabral RN, Ribeiro APD, Leal SC. Glass hybrid restorations as an alternative for restoring hypomineralized molars in the ART model. BMC Oral Health. 2018; 18 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-018-0528-0
Sönmez H, Saat S. A clinical evaluation of deproteinization and different cavity designs on resin restoration performance in MIH-affected molars: two-year results. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017; 41:336-342 https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-41.5.336
Lagarde M, Vennat E, Attal J-P, Dursun E. Strategies to optimize bonding of adhesive materials to molar-incisor hypomineralization-affected enamel: a systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020; 30:405-420 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12621
Ekambaram M, Anthonappa RP, Govindool SR, Yiu CKY. Comparison of deproteinization agents on bonding to developmentally hypomineralized enamel. J Dent. 2017; 67:94-101 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2017.10.004
Weerheijm KL, Jälevik B, Alaluusua S. Molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Caries Res. 2001; 35:390-391 https://doi.org/10.1159/000047479
Fragelli CMB, Souza JF de, Bussaneli DG Survival of sealants in molars affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization: 18-month follow-up. Braz Oral Res. 2017; 31 https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0030
Ha N, Kim Y, Kim H, Nam S. A prognostic assessment of first permanent molars showing molar-incisor hypomineralization based on restorative materials and defect class. J Korean Acad Pediatr Dent. 2017; 44:263-271 https://doi.org/10.5933/JKAPD.2017.44.3.263
Zagdwon AM, Fayle SA, Pollard MA. A prospective clinical trial comparing preformed metal crowns and cast restorations for defective first permanent molars. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003; 4:138-142
Dhareula A, Goyal A, Gauba K A clinical and radiographic investigation comparing the efficacy of cast metal and indirect resin onlays in rehabilitation of permanent first molars affected with severe molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH): a 36-month randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2019; 20:489-500 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-019-00430-y
Burke FJT, Lucarotti PSK. The ultimate guide to restoration longevity in England and Wales. Part 10: key findings from a ten million restoration dataset. Br Dent J. 2018; 225:1011-1018 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.1029
Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme. Prevention and management of dental caries in children: dental clinical guidance. 2018. https://www.sdcep.org.uk/published-guidance/caries-in-children/ (accessed August 2022)
Pine CM, Adair PM, Burnside G Dental RECUR randomized trial to prevent caries recurrence in children. J Dent Res. 2020; 99:168-174 https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034519886808
Raposo F, de Carvalho Rodrigues AC, Lia ÉN, Leal SC. Prevalence of hypersensitivity in teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Caries Res. 2019; 53:424-430 https://doi.org/10.1159/000495848
Rodd HD, Boissonade FM, Day PF. Pulpal status of hypomineralized permanent molars. Pediatr Dent. 2007; 29:514-520
Camilotti V, Zilly J, Busato P do MR Desensitizing treatments for dentin hypersensitivity: a randomized, split-mouth clinical trial. Braz Oral Res. 2012; 26:263-268 https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242012000300013
Restrepo M, Jeremias F, Santos-Pinto L Effect of fluoride varnish on enamel remineralization in anterior teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016; 40:207-210 https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.3.207
Marinho VCC, Worthington HV, Walsh T, Clarkson JE. Fluoride varnishes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013; (7) https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002279.pub2
Lygidakis NA, Wong F, Jälevik B Best clinical practice guidance for clinicians dealing with children presenting with molar-incisor-hypomineralisation (MIH). Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010; 11:75-81 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03262716
Crombie FA, Cochrane NJ, Manton DJ Mineralisation of developmentally hypomineralised human enamel in vitro. Caries Res. 2013; 47:259-263 https://doi.org/10.1159/000346134
Ozgül BM, Saat S, Sönmez H, Oz FT. Clinical evaluation of desensitizing treatment for incisor teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2013; 38:101-105
Pasini M, Giuca MR, Scatena M Molar incisor hypomineralization treatment with casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate in children. Minerva Stomatol. 2018; 67:20-25 https://doi.org/10.23736/S0026-4970.17.04086-9
Bekes K, Heinzelmann K, Lettner S, Schaller H-G. Efficacy of desensitizing products containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate for hypersensitivity relief in MIH-affected molars: an 8-week clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2017; 21:2311-2317 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-2024-8
Frencken JE. The state-of-the-art of ART sealants. Dent Update. 2014; 41:119-124 https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2014.41.2.119
Black RB. Technique for nonmechanical preparation of cavities and prophylaxis. J Am Dent Assoc. 1945; 32:955-965 https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1945.0129
Rb B. Airbrasive: some fundamentals. J Am Dent Assoc. 1950; 41:701-710 https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1950.0247
Banerjee A, Watson TF, Kidd EA. Dentine caries excavation: a review of current clinical techniques. Br Dent J. 2000; 188:476-482 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4800515
Hegde VS, Khatavkar RA. A new dimension to conservative dentistry: air abrasion. J Conserv Dent. 2010; 13:4-8 https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.62632
Cook R, Azzopardi A, Thompson I, Watson T. Real-time confocal imaging, during active air abrasion – substrate cutting. J Microsc. 2001; 203:199-207 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00934.x
Wright GZ, Hatibovic-Kofman S, Millenaar DW, Braverman I. The safety and efficacy of treatment with air abrasion technology. Int J Paediatr Dent. 1999; 9:133-140
Hench LL. Adhesion to bone. Biocompat Orthop Implant. 1982; 2:129-170
Paolinelis G, Banerjee A, Watson TF. An in vitro investigation of the effect and retention of bioactive glass air-abrasive on sound and carious dentine. J Dent. 2008; 36:214-218 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2007.12.004
Banerjee A, Pabari H, Paolinelis G An in vitro evaluation of selective demineralised enamel removal using bio-active glass air abrasion. Clin Oral Investig. 2011; 15:895-900 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-010-0470-2
Rafique S, Fiske J, Banerjee A. Clinical trial of an air-abrasion/chemomechanical operative procedure for the restorative treatment of dental patients. Caries Res. 2003; 37:360-364 https://doi.org/10.1159/000072168
Eshghi A, Khoroushi M, Rezvani A. Effect of bioactive glass air abrasion on shear bond strength of two adhesive resins to decalcified enamel. J Dent Tehran Iran. 2014; 11:644-654
Gao SS, Zhao IS, Hiraishi N Clinical trials of silver diamine fluoride in arresting caries among children: a systematic review. JDR Clin Transl Res. 2016; 1:201-210 https://doi.org/10.1177/2380084416661474
Zhao IS, Gao SS, Hiraishi N Mechanisms of silver diamine fluoride on arresting caries: a literature review. Int Dent J. 2018; 68:67-76 https://doi.org/10.1111/idj.12320
Chu CH, Lo ECM. Promoting caries arrest in children with silver diamine fluoride: a review. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2008; 6:315-321
Fa BA, Jew JA, Wong A, Young D. Silver modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART): an alternative caries prevention tool. Stoma Edu J. 2016; 3:243-249 https://doi.org/10.25241/STOMAEDUJ.2016.3(3-4).ART.15
Puwanawiroj A, Trairatvorakul C, Dasanayake AP, Auychai P. Microtensile bond strength between glass ionomer cement and silver diamine fluoride-treated carious primary dentin. Pediatr Dent. 2018; 40:291-295
Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent. 2003; 28:215-235
Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS Modifications in glass ionomer cements: nano-sized fillers and bioactive nanoceramics. Int J Mol Sci. 2016; 17 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071134
Diem VTK, Tyas MJ, Ngo HC The effect of a nano-filled resin coating on the 3-year clinical performance of a conventional high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement. Clin Oral Investig. 2014; 18:753-759 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-1026-z
Fragelli CMB, Souza JF de, Jeremias F Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH): conservative treatment management to restore affected teeth. Braz Oral Res. 2015; 29:1-7 https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0076
Discepolo K, Sultan M. Investigation of adult stainless steel crown longevity as an interim restoration in pediatric patients. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2017; 27:247-254 https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12255
Seale NS, Randall R. The use of stainless steel crowns: a systematic literature review. Pediatr Dent. 2015; 37:145-160

Managing compromised first permanent molars in children: minimally invasive treatment protocols for practitioners

From Volume 49, Issue 8, September 2022 | Pages 651-662

Authors

Reem AlKhalaf

Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London; Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Articles by Reem AlKhalaf

Email Reem AlKhalaf

Thamirys Costa Rosa

Doctoral student, Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Articles by Thamirys Costa Rosa

Fernanda Gabriela de Fatima Vieira

Master's student, Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Articles by Fernanda Gabriela de Fatima Vieira

Aline de Almeida Neves

Clinical Lecturer in Paediatric Dentistry, Centre of Oral, Clinical and Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Science, King's College London; Adjunct Professor in Paediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Articles by Aline de Almeida Neves

Marie Therese Hosey

Professor of Paediatric Dentistry, Honorary Consultant, Chair of Paediatric Dentistry, Centre of Oral, Clinical and Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Science, King's College London

Articles by Marie Therese Hosey

Avijit Banerjee

BDS, MSc, PhD (Lond), LDS, FDS (Rest Dent), FDSRCS (Eng), FCGDent, FHEA, FICD

Professor of Cariology & Operative Dentistry, Hon Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, KCL, King's Health Partners, London, UK

Articles by Avijit Banerjee

Abstract

Employing minimally invasive operative techniques to manage compromised first permanent molars is discussed as a treatment regimen to achieve a favourable medium-to long-term prognosis in modern paediatric dental management. It is known that patient cooperation, stage of dental development and eruption state, as well as chronological age and severity of tissue breakdown of the compromised tooth have an influence on the prognosis of treatment.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Understanding the various prognostic factors involving compromised first permanent molar teeth is essential if optimum treatment is to be provided.

Article

The first molars are generally the first permanent teeth to erupt in a child and are pivotal in establishing a balanced and functional occlusion.1 Sadly, untreated caries in permanent teeth affect approximately 2.3 billion people globally2 and the first permanent molar (FPM), generally known in the UK as the ‘six’, is the most affected by both dental caries3 and by hypomineralization defects.4 A recent survey of UK specialists' and GDPs' preferences for managing patients with compromised FPMs (cFPMs) reported that almost 60% of the specialists favoured extractions under general anaesthesia (GA), compared to approximately 20% of GDPs.5 This treatment discrepancy may be linked to the difficulties in the interpretation of the clinical and radiographic findings in order to derive the diagnosis and thereby the prognosis, along with the availability of GA pathways of care for UK specialists and the requests/expectations of the patient's family/carers. Ultimately, agreeing with parents on management of these teeth will require following Montgomery principles of informed consent, where patients/parents should be told about all the possible complications linked with any of the treatment options available to be able to make their true informed consent.6

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting Dental Update and reading some of our resources. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:

What's included

  • Up to 2 free articles per month
  • New content available

Already have an account? Sign in here