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Non-syndromic oligodontia, the agenesis of six or more teeth, has a prevalence of 0.14–0.25%. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental influences affect expression. Three brothers presented with agenesis of 14, 21 and 23 permanent teeth, respectively. They were medically well, with no relevant family history. Each case presented with caries, microdontia and attritive tooth surface loss. Comprehensive care was delivered in each case by undergraduate dental students. Individualized prevention and stabilization were completed before referral for multidisciplinary long-term planning. Primary dental care practitioners are instrumental in delivering preventive care and stabilizing the dentition in cases of dental anomaly, while sharing care with specialist teams.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: An unusual presentation of non-syndromic oligodontia relevant to primary dental care practitioners who are likely to provide the first clinical contact and referral to the wider multidisciplinary team.
Article
Hypodontia, or tooth agenesis, is the most prevalent craniofacial malformation in humans.1,2 Hypodontia may be associated with a syndrome or be related to a non-syndromic isolated trait, and is a phenotypically heterogenous condition. The prevalence of hypodontia in the UK is approximately 8%; however, the developmental absence of permanent canines, first and second permanent molars is rare, and most commonly presents in patients with severe forms of syndromic oligodontia.1 Third molars are the most commonly developmentally absent teeth, followed by upper lateral incisors or lower second premolars.
Oligodontia refers to the absence of six or more permanent teeth (excluding the third molars) in the absence of an associated systemic disorder.3 Prevalence of oligodontia in the general population is estimated to be 0.14–0.25%.1,4 Children with ectodermal dysplasia tend to exhibit oligodontia, microdontia, hypohidrosis and sparse fine hair.5 The impact of oligodontia on oral health-related quality of life may concern aesthetics, function and treatment complexity.6
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