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References

Nair PNR. Pathogenesis of apical periodontitis and the causes of endodontic failures. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2004; 16:348-338
Soames JV, Southam JC.Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications; 1997
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Regezi JA. Periapical diseases: spectrum and differentiating features. J Calif Dent Assoc. 1999; 27:285-289
Curran AE, Miller EJ, Murrah VA. Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor presenting as periapical disease. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997; 84:557-560
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Mohammadi H, Said-Al-Naief NAH, Heffez LB. Arteriovenous malformation of the mandible. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997; 84:286-289
Nohl FSA, Gulabivala K. Odontogenic keratocyst as periradicular radiolucency in the anterior mandible. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996; 81:103-109
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Cawson RA, Odell EW., 7th edn. Oxford: Churchill Livingstone; 2002
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Chronic periapical periodontitis containing mature human hair shaft: a case report

From Volume 38, Issue 3, April 2011 | Pages 201-203

Authors

Mohammad Owaise Sharif

BDS (Hons), MSc, MOrth, RCS Ed, FDS (Ortho), RCS Eng, FHEA

Orthodontic Specialist Registrar, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London

Articles by Mohammad Owaise Sharif

Riaz Yar

BDS, MFDS RCS(Edin), MPhil(Rest Dent)

Specialist Trainee in Prosthodontics, Director The Square advanced dental care, Shrewsbury, UK

Articles by Riaz Yar

Richard Oliver

BDS, BSc, PhD, FDS RCPS, FDS(OS) RCPS(Glasg)

University Dental Hospital of Manchester

Articles by Richard Oliver

Abstract

A case is reported of a 44-year-old male who was referred with persistent pus discharge associated with his UL2 which had been root treated on two occasions. Radiographic examination revealed a radiolucency of approximately 8 mm diameter. An apicectomy was performed and histopathological examination revealed the presence of mature birefringent hair-shaft structures within a chronic periapical periodontitis.

Clinical Relevance: This article presents a rare occurrence, the presence of human hair in the periapical tissues.

Article

Periapical periodontitis refers to inflammation and destruction of periradicular and/or periapical tissues, the most common cause being endodontic infection resulting from pulpal necrosis. Other causes can be trauma or endodontic treatment.1,2 A chronic periapical periodontitis may present as a discharging sinus, a tooth which is tender to percussion, or may be asymptomatic and discovered on routine clinical examination.3 The associated tooth is non-vital.3,4 Periapical radiolucencies are common and 90% are attributed to chronic periapical periodontitis or periapical cysts.4Table 1 gives a differential diagnosis of periapical radiolucencies.

Radiographic appearances of chronic periapical periodontitis vary from slight widening of the periodontal ligament space to a well defined radiolucency. A condensing osteitis is often associated with the lesion owing to the formation of sclerotic bone in reaction to continued inflammation.3,10 Radicular cysts (inflammatory dental cysts) are characterized as radiolucencies measuring greater than 1 cm in diameter and are a direct sequela of chronic periapical periodontitis.3 A radiographic image can only lead to a provisional diagnosis and histological examination should be utilized to establish a definitive diagnosis.11

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