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This case report presents a 13-year-old girl who attended an orthodontic clinic for an ectopic UR5. After investigation, a diagnosis of an odontogenic myxoma was made and the tumour was excised. A panoramic radiograph taken almost two years earlier for another dental problem was found to show an ectopic UR5 associated with a subtle radiolucency.
Odontogenic myxomas may be of higher frequency than once thought in the paediatric population and therefore should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any intraosseous radiolucency. Any radiolucent area associated with an unerupted tooth should be investigated further or closely followed up.
Clinical Relevance: The odontogenic myxoma is a rare but potentially serious benign tumour of the jaws.
Article
The odontogenic myxoma is a relatively rare, locally invasive, benign tumour of the jaws with its origin believed to be the mesenchyme of the developing tooth.1 It is slow growing and is characterized by mucoid and gelatinous grey-whitish tissue that replaces the cancellous bone and expands the cortex.
Approximately 2.2% of central odontogenic tumours are myxomas, the third most common after odontomas and ameloblastomas.2 The incidence is likely to be even greater in children, with Keszler et al finding myxomas accounting for 12.5% of odontogenic tumours in a sample of paediatric patients.3
Most studies have found females more commonly affected than males,1,2,4-6 with an age ranging from 3 months to 71 years.4,6 The mean age of presentation is generally the third or fourth decade2,4,6,7 and most tumours appear to be located in the lower jaw, in particular the posterior mandible.2,4–7
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