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The aim of this short review is to update dental professionals on the causes, manifestation and treatment of Garré's osteomyelitis. There are multiple cause of facial swellings and asymmetry arising from dental infections, trauma, or more seriously can be benign or malignant tumours. Garré's osteomyelitis is most commonly seen in children and young adults and persists until the cause is removed. Other lesions such as fibrous dysplasia, sarcoma and chondrosarcoma can manifest in the same manner as Garré's osteomyelitis clinically. Garrés’ osteomyelitis can be result of a chronic infection or trauma. Dentists and dental professionals must be aware of the causes, minvestigations required and provide the appropriate treatment. Information was collected using Medline, Pubmed and Athens to access the journals.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the importance of recognizing Garré's osteomyelitis in children and young adults, identifying the cause and treating them appropriately. It is imperative for dental professionals to know and refer to relevant specialties for further investigation.
Article
Osteomyelitis refers to the infection of the medullary part of the bone, most commonly caused by bacteria. The inflammation of the bone can be both acute or chronic largely dependent on the clinical manifestation.1 Garré's osteomyelitis was first described by Carl Garré in 1893 in relation to the thickening of a periosteum of the tibia and was first mentioned in dental literature by Pell et al in 1955.2,3 It is a type of chronic non-suppurating osteomyelitis that is associated with increased thickening of the periosteum of the bones, and peripheral reactive bone deposition resulting from trauma or infections, commonly seen in children and young people.4 The mandible is frequently affected due to its poor blood supply.5 Dentists should be aware of a multitude of causes of facial swelling, and must be vigilant of swellings that can mimic other conditions, especially benign or malignant tumours. Primary care dentists and dental professionals should refer these cases to the relevant specialties for a second opinion. The aim of this article is to review Garré's osteomyelitis and present a case report to update the knowledge of dental professionals.
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