Van der Weijden FA, Slot DE. Efficacy of homecare regimens for mechanical plaque removal in managing gingivitis a meta review. J Clin Periodontol. 2015; 42:S77-91 https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12359
Valkenburg C, Van der Weijden FA, Slot DE. Plaque control and reduction of gingivitis: the evidence for dentifrices. Periodontol 2000. 2019; 79:221-232 https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12257
Levine RS. Fluoride in toothpaste – is the expressed total fluoride content meaningful for caries prevention?. Br Dent J. 2020; 228:795-799 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1540-8
Valadas LAR, Sorazabal AL, Salgado PA Fluoride concentration in dentifrices marketed in Argentina. Int J Dent Hyg. 2023; 21:157-164 https://doi.org/10.1111/idh.12570
Kirsch J, Hannig M, Winkel P Influence of pure fluorides and stannous ions on the initial bacterial colonization in situ. Sci Rep. 2019; 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55083-0
Duckworth RM. Pharmacokinetics in the oral cavity: fluoride and other active ingredients. Monogr Oral Sci. 2013; 23:125-139 https://doi.org/10.1159/000350590
Pedersen AML, Darwish M, Nicholson J Gingival health status in individuals using different types of toothpaste. J Dent. 2019; 80:S13-S18 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.008
Lynge Pedersen AM, Belstrøm D. The role of natural salivary defences in maintaining a healthy oral microbiota. J Dent. 2019; 80:S3-S12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.010
Daly S, Seong J, Newcombe R A randomised clinical trial to determine the effect of a toothpaste containing enzymes and proteins on gum health over 3 months. J Dent. 2019; 80:S26-S32 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.002
Vallotton CF. An acquired pigmented pellicle of the enamel surface: II. Clinical and histologic studies. J Dent Res. 1945; 24:171-181
White DJ, Schneiderman E, Colón E, John S. A profilometry-based dentifrice abrasion method for V8 brushing machines. Part I: introduction to RDA-PE. J Clin Dent. 2015; 26:1-6
Schemehorn BR, Moore MH, Putt MS. Abrasion, polishing, and stain removal characteristics of various commercial dentifrices in vitro. J Clin Dent. 2011; 22:11-18
Ozaki F, Pannuti CM, Imbronito AV Efficacy of a herbal toothpaste on patients with established gingivitis – a randomized controlled trial. Braz Oral Res. 2006; 20:172-177 https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242006000200015
Koenigs PM, Faller RV. Fundamentals of dentifrice: oral health benefits in a tube. Continuing Education Course. Dental Care. 2013:1-30
Epple M, Meyer F, Enax J. A critical review of modern concepts for teeth whitening. Dent J (Basel). 2019; 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/dj7030079
Brooks JK, Bashirelahi N, Reynolds MA. Charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices: a literature review. J Am Dent Assoc. 2017; 148:661-670 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2017.05.001
Vaz VTP, Jubilato DP, Oliveira MRM Whitening toothpaste containing activated charcoal, blue covarine, hydrogen peroxide or microbeads: which one is the most effective?. J Appl Oral Sci. 2019; 27 https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0051
Soeteman GD, Valkenburg C, Van der Weijden GA Whitening dentifrice and tooth surface discoloration-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg. 2018; 16:24-35 https://doi.org/10.1111/idh.12289
Couteau C, Domejean S, Lecoq M A study of 84 homemade toothpaste recipes and the problems arising from the type of product. Br Dent J. 2021; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-021-2736-2
Walsh T, Worthington HV, Glenny AM Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; (1) https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007868.pub2
Walsh T, Worthington HV, Glenny AM Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019; 3:(3) https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007868.pub3
Wainwright J, Sheiham A. An analysis of methods of toothbrushing recommended by dental associations, toothpaste and toothbrush companies and in dental texts. Br Dent J. 2014; 217 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.651
Binney A, Addy M, McKeown S, Everatt L. The choice of controls in toothpaste studies. The effect of a number of commercially available toothpastes compared to water on 4-day plaque regrowth. J Clin Periodontol. 1996; 23:456-459 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.1996.tb00574.x
Shaw D, Naimi-Akbar A, Astvaldsdottir A. The tribulations of toothpaste trials: unethical arginine dentifrice research. Br Dent J. 2015; 219:567-569 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.950
Pandis N, Polychronopoulou A, Eliades T. An assessment of quality characteristics of randomised control trials published in dental journals. J Dent. 2010; 38:713-721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2010.05.014
Papageorgiou SN, Antonoglou GN, Martin C, Eliades T. Methods, transparency and reporting of clinical trials in orthodontics and periodontics. J Orthod. 201; 46:101-109 https://doi.org/10.1177/1465312519842315
Pandis N, Fleming PS, Katsaros C, Ioannidis JPA. Dental research waste in design, analysis, and reporting: a scoping review. J Dent Res. 2021; 100:245-252 https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034520962751
Ioannidis JP, Greenland S, Hlatky MA Increasing value and reducing waste in research design, conduct, and analysis. Lancet. 2014; 383:166-175 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62227-8
Flacco ME, Manzoli L, Boccia S Head-to-head randomized trials are mostly industry sponsored and almost always favor the industry sponsor. J Clin Epidemiol. 2015; 68:811-820 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.12.016
Martins CC, Riva JJ, Firmino RT, Colunga-Lozano LE Conflict of interest is not associated with positive conclusions in toothpaste trials: a systematic survey. J Clin Epidemiol. 2019; 108:141-143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.11.026
Lippert F. An introduction to toothpaste – its purpose, history and ingredients. Monogr Oral Sci. 2013; 23:1-14 https://doi.org/10.1159/000350456
Wegehaupt FJ, Hoegger VGM, Attin T. Abrasion of eroded and sound enamel by a dentifrice containing diamond abrasive particles. Swiss Dent J. 2017; 127:634-639
Hamza B, Attin T, Cucuzza C RDA and REA values of commercially available toothpastes utilising diamond powder and traditional abrasives. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2020; 18:807-814 https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ohpd.a45085
Wiegand A, Schlueter N. The role of oral hygiene: does toothbrushing harm?. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014; 25:215-219 https://doi.org/10.1159/000360379
Sabrah AH, Lippert F, Kelly AB, Hara AT. Comparison between radiotracer and surface profile methods for the determination of dentifrice abrasivity. Wear. 2013; 306:73-79 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.07.001
Dörfer CE. Abrasivity of dentifrices from a clinical perspective. J Clin Dent. 2010; 21
González-Cabezas C, Hara AT, Hefferren J, Lippert F. Abrasivity testing of dentifrices – challenges and current state of the art. Monogr Oral Sci. 2013; 23:100-107 https://doi.org/10.1159/000350476
Volpe AR, Mooney R, Zumbrunnen C A long term clinical study evaluating the effect of two dentifrices on oral tissues. J Periodontol. 1975; 46:113-118 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1975.46.2.113
Joiner A. Review of the extrinsic stain removal and enamel/dentine abrasion by a calcium carbonate and perlite containing whitening toothpaste. Int Dent J. 2006; 56:175-180 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595x.2006.tb00091.x
Dental Hygienist, Clinical Epidemiologist; Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
The intricate formulations of modern dentifrices position them as one of the most sophisticated pharmaceutical products available today. Dental care professionals, tasked with providing evidence-based recommendations, encounter numerous challenges with this everyday product. This necessitates a thorough grasp of dentifrice formulations, familiarity with testing procedures, profound insights into (clinical) trials regarding proven efficacy and safety, and staying updated on current scientific literature. Additionally, recommendations must be tailored to integrate with each individual patient's oral health status, needs, and preferences.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentifrices are complex formulations, carefully prepared by the industry, which need to be proven effective in (clinical) trials, receive evidence-based recommendation from professionals, and be appreciated by end users.
Article
Successful oral hygiene should rely on advice from the best, currently available evidence.1 A dental care professional should then be able to advise each individual patient on which dentifrice is most appropriate in his/her particular situation.
All major brands sell products that are supported by a substantial body of evidence. Many scientific publications on dentifrice are published or sponsored by the dentifrice industry. A recent meta-review regarding the evidence behind dentifrices,2 like most other scientific literature reviews, still does not include a recommendation for the individual consumer with respect to which specific dentifrice to choose and purchase.3 It is, therefore, debatable whether the professional has the correct scientific information from dentifrice research to offer effective advice on a dentifrice based on the patient's requirements. There are several challenges, as outlined in Table 1.
Register now to continue reading
Thank you for visiting Dental Update and reading some of our resources. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits: