References
Duggal M, Cameron A, Toumba J.Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013
Andreasen JO, Borum MK, Jacobsen HL, Andreasen FM. Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995; 11:51-58
Dental Trauma Guide – Avulsion Prognosis. http://www.dentaltraumaguide.org/Permanent_Avulsion_Prognosis.aspx (Accessed December 2015)
Andersson L, Andreasen J, Day P. International Association of Dental Traumatolgy Guidelines of Traumatic Dental Injuries: 2. Avulsion of Permanent Teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2012; 28:88-96
Emerich K, Wyszkowski J. Clinical practice: dental trauma. Eur J Pediatr. 2010; 169:1045-1050
Meredith N. Assessment of implant stability as a prognostic determinant. Int J Prosthodont. 1998; 11:491-501
Durey KA, Nixon PJ, Robinson S, Chan MF. Resin bonded bridges: techniques for success. Br Dent J. 2011; 211:113-118
Nimčenko T, Omerca G, Varinauskas V Tooth auto-transplantation as an alternative treatment option: a literature review. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2013; 10:1-6
Zachrisson B. Planning esthetic treatment after avulsion of maxillary incisors. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008; 139:1484-1490
Bastone E, Freer T, McNamara J. Epidemiology of dental trauma: a review of the literature. Aust Dent J. 2000; 45:2-9
NHS Dental Services Explained. http://www.nhs.uk/NHSEngland/AboutNHSservices/dentists/Pages/nhs-dental-charges.aspx (Accessed December 2015)
Dental implants information hub. Dental Implants Prices UK. http://www.dentalimplantscosthq.co.uk/dental-implants-cost-uk/ (Accessed December 2015)
Johnstone CD, Stevenson Burden D The influence of dental to facial midline discrepancies on dental attractiveness ratings. Eur J Orthod. 1999; 21:517-522
An alternative approach to replacement of an avulsed central incisor
From Volume 45, Issue 3, March 2018 | Pages 215-225
Article
When an avulsion injury occurs in a permanent maxillary incisor, ankylosis often occurs. In order to restore aesthetics and function, dental treatment is required.
Avulsion is classed as complete displacement of a tooth from its socket.1 Ankylosis is frequently a sequela following avulsion injury. The determining factor in whether a tooth becomes ankylosed after avulsion is the health and status of the periodontal ligament (PDL) after injury. Minimal damage and disruption to the PDL reduce the chances of ankylosis. There are three main factors that have the strongest impact on PDL:
Optimal conditions are considered to occur when the tooth is re-implanted immediately following injury and has an open root apex. The risk of ankyloses injury in this case is approximately 12% after 5 years.3 Suboptimal conditions are considered to occur when the tooth has been out of the socket for over 5 minutes, not stored in a physiologic medium, such as saliva, and has complete root development.
Register now to continue reading
Thank you for visiting Dental Update and reading some of our resources. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:
What's included
- Up to 2 free articles per month
- New content available